By Elaine Freer When a defendant has pleaded guilty or been convicted after trial, the sentencing process must follow, to determine what...

Authors: Professor Julian V. Roberts, Dr Elaine Freer and Dr Jonathan Bild This report provides an introduction to the concept of...

By Ailbhe O’Loughlin The presence of a mental disorder or disability ‘can affect the normal processes of the criminal justice system at...

By Professor Julian V. Roberts and Professor Andrew Ashworth Our new paper by Professor Julian V. Roberts and Professor Andrew Ashworth...

The Sentencing Academy has published a new report exploring public understanding of sentencing in England and Wales. Public Knowledge of...

By Carly Lightowlers Alcohol and drug related offending present a perennial criminal justice challenge. Not only are illicit drug and...

By Gabrielle Watson This paper introduces the concepts of respect and legitimacy and considers their relevance to sentencing practice in...

By Jessica Goldring The sentencing framework is premised on an assumption that defendants understand how the process works and will...

By Eleanor Curzon and Julian V. Roberts When a sentence of imprisonment is imposed many people assume that the offender will immediately...

Julian V. Roberts and Jonathan Bild Are sentencing outcomes different for ethnic minority defendants? Which ethnic groups attract the...

By Eoin Guilfoyle Magistrates and judges have a range of custodial and non-custodial options to choose from when sentencing an individual...

By Cerys Gibson This report describes the current status of adult out of court disposals1 in England and Wales and draws on a review of...

By Melissa Hamilton The purposes of sentencing were first specified in statute in the Criminal Justice Act 2003 and include punishment...

By Jay Gormley, Julian V. Roberts, Jonathan Bild and Lyndon Harris All common law jurisdictions offer sentence reductions to defendants...